博文英语 - 英语在线 四六级

  Study the following set of pictures carefully and write an essay in no less than 150 words.

  Your essay must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

  Your essay should cover all the information provided and meet the requirements below:

    1. Effect of the country's growing human population on its wildlife

    2. Possible reason for the effect.

    3. Your suggestion for wildlife protection.

真题分析：

    本题为多年来考研作文短文题目中仅有的一道纯图表题目。图中只给出了一大一小两幅简单的线形图，要求考生分析两幅图之间的关系，总结出题目的主题和内涵。

    针对本题，我们所要做的第一步是仔细阅读图中的文字说明和数据，特别注意数据的变化趋势。但是，在文章中切忌简单罗列所有数据，不仅会使文章无端地增加长度，还会使考官无法抓住文章主题。对于数据的处理一般都是进行概括分析，仅举几个典型的数据为例来说明问题。

    第一幅线形图中，美国人口在1800年至1980年至短短200年之间增长了近250倍，而从1700年至1900年200年间美国的生物灭绝速度却增加了70倍。人口增长的速度和物种灭绝的速度正好成正比。由此可以推断，题目要求考生认清这两者之间的关系，认识到人口的增长和扩展严重威胁到了物种的生存，从而要求考生在文章中分析问题产生的原因，提出解决方案。

思路拓展：

    人口的失控增长是近几十年来全球的热点话题之一。人口的扩张不是一个简单的问题，而是涉及空间、资源控制、生态平衡、环境污染、经济发展、社会保障和福利等等一系列、全方位涉及到人类在地球上生存和发展的问题。当今世界上的许多疾病、矛盾、甚至是战争，都是由于人口爆炸而引起的。此外，人口问题还涉及到人口质量、身体健康、性别比例、人口增长与财富分配、老龄化等常见话题。考生可以在平时的新闻报道中找到足够的信息，而可以多找一些报纸杂志上的评论文章上阅读，为自己积累论点和论据等。

范文：

  Currently, there is a widespread concern about the previously neglected connection between growing human population and decreasing wild species. As the two graphs obviously portrayed, American population in 1980 was 250 times than that in 1800, a trend accompanied by the extinction of nearly 70 kinds of wildlife in the past 300 years. A clear correlation is suggested that mankind has exerted a tremendously negative influence on natural species.

  There are many factors responsible for the aforementioned tendency. First and foremost, to satisfy the space demand for the booming population, the only available solution for Americans is to take occupation of forests and grassland. that used to be habitat of wild animals and plants. Furthermore, the process of industrialization and urbanization has generated severe pollution that essentially destroys environment and ecosystem.

  In my point of view, the dearth of wildlife today forecasts an unpromising future for humans tomorrow. In order to eliminate species extinction, relevant laws and regulations must be established and enforced to maintain a large portion of unspoiled areas. Effective measures should also be applied to ensure that the impact of pollution be removed.

译文：

    近来人们开始普遍关注以前被忽略的人口增长和自然物种减少之间的关系。正如两幅图表显示，1980年的美国人口是1900年的250倍，同时在过去的300年间大约有70种野生生物在美国灭绝。这清楚地表明人类给自然物种带来了巨大的负面影响。

    以上趋势是由诸多原因造成的。首先，为了满足迅速增长的人口对于空间的需求，对于美国人来说最有效的解决办法就是占据森林、草原等其他动植物的天堂。此外，工业化和城市化的进程造成了严重的污染，在根本上摧毁了环境和生态系统。

    我认为，今天野生生物生命权的被剥夺预示着将来人类并不明朗的前景。为了减少物种灭绝，应该制定相关的法律法规、强制保护更多的地区保持其原始状态。应该采取有效的措施来减少污染的影响。

闪光词汇及词组：

exert an influence: 对......造成影响

booming: adj. 急速发展的

take occupation of: 占据，占有

generate: v. 产生，发生

ecosystem: n. 生态系统

dearth: n. 缺乏

unpromising: adj. 没有前途的，没有希望的

eliminate: v. 排除，消除

unspoiled: adj. 未损坏的，为开发的

万能句型：

Currently, there is a widespread concern about the previously neglected connection between...

As the two graphs obviously portray...

... is a trend accompanied by...

A clear correlation is suggested that...

There are many factors responsible for the aforementioned tendency.

First and foremost ... Furthermore...

Effective measures should also be applied to ensure that...

(2) Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should:

 1) describe the drawing briefly,

 2) explain its intended meaning, and then

 3) state your point of view.

You should write on ANSWER SHEET 2.

范文：

  Basically, what we see in this cartoon is a woman pushing six floors of baby cradles on an urban street against the background of two skyscrapers. The piled-up cradles interestingly echo the huge buildings with tens of floors: the cradles are occupied by babies while we can imagine those buildings are filled with crowds of adults.

  We can deduce from this picture that the artist is trying to attract our attention to the present exploding world population. The striking point is that while the population growth is almost out of control, the space for humans to live is increasingly circumscribed. As a result, owning a house, which was very ordinary centuries ago, becomes a luxury nowadays because only wealthy people can afford the rocketing price of land. In contrast, common households have to cram into small apartments inside large buildings that are alignned close to each other.

  The simple picture is a wake-up call for the whole human race. While we strive for better living standards, the overgrowing population tend offsets our efforts by demanding more living space and resources. Hence, mankind should cooperate worldwide to control population by effective measures, in order to secure the prosperity of our future on this planet.

译文：

    我们在这幅漫画中看到一个女人推着有六层婴儿摇篮的推车在一条城市的大街上走着，背景是两座摩天大楼。有趣的是，叠起来的摇篮与那些有着几十层楼的大厦相呼应，摇篮里面躺着许多婴儿，而同时我们可以想象大楼里面挤满了成年人。

    我们可以从画中推论作画者的意图在于使人们更加关注目前世界人口的爆炸性增长。其中令人注意的一点是，随着人口增长的失控，人类的生存空间也更加受到了限制。因此，虽然拥有一座房子在几个世纪以前是非常普遍的现象，但是现在由于地价昂贵，价格飞涨的房子变成了有钱人才买得起的奢侈品。相反，普通家庭挤进大楼的小套公寓中，这些大楼也都是一幢紧挨着另一幢。

    这幅简单的图画给人类敲响了警钟。虽然我们努力地提高生活水平，但是过度增长的人口对于空间和资源的需求却抵消了我们的努力。因此，人类应该进行全球范围内的合作，通过有效的措施来控制人口，从而保证我们在这个星球上的美好未来。

闪光词汇及词组：

cradle: n. 摇篮

skyscraper: n. 摩天大楼

piled-up: adj. 叠起来的

explode: v. 爆炸

circumscribe: v. 限制

luxury: n. 奢侈品

rocket: v. 飞速上升

household: n. 家庭

cram: v. 把...装满, 使充塞

living standard: 生活水平

offset: v. 抵消

secure: v. 保障，保护

prosperity: n. 繁荣

planet: n. 行星

万能句型：

Basically, what we see in this cartoon is...

We can deduce from this picture that the artist is trying to attract our attention to...

The simple picture is a wake-up call for the whole human race.